Evaluate 11 × (4 + 6), explaining why parentheses matter.
Chapter 2 — Review
Original assessment tasks
Error-analysis notebook: Learner notebook (REVIEW): “I erased grouping from 12 × (7 + 9) and wrote 12 × 7 + 9 = 93. I claimed parentheses do not change the answer.” Identify exactly which written step or assumption fails, correct it, and independently solve this new task: Evaluate 12 × (7 + 9), explaining why parentheses matter.
Evaluate 17 + 7 × 6. Identify the first operation.
Error-analysis notebook: Learner notebook (REVIEW): “17 + 2 × 7 = (17+2)×7 = 133. I completed addition before multiplication.” Identify exactly which written step or assumption fails, correct it, and independently solve this new task: Evaluate 17 + 2 × 7. Identify the first operation.
Evaluate 21 − 3 + 4, showing the equal-priority order.
Error-analysis notebook: Learner notebook (REVIEW): “8 − 3 + 6 = 8 − (3 + 6) = -1. I changed the grouping of addition and subtraction.” Identify exactly which written step or assumption fails, correct it, and independently solve this new task: Evaluate 8 − 3 + 6, showing the equal-priority order.
Write an expression for “6 times the sum of 22 and 4,” then evaluate it.
Error-analysis notebook: Learner notebook (REVIEW): “I erased grouping from (10 + 4) × 8 and wrote 10 + 4 × 8 = 42. I claimed parentheses do not change the answer.” Identify exactly which written step or assumption fails, correct it, and independently solve this new task: Write an expression for “8 times the sum of 10 and 4,” then evaluate it.
A team buys 7 identical kits. Each kit costs $22 for parts and $6 for a case. Write and evaluate one expression for the total.
Error-analysis notebook: Learner notebook (REVIEW): “I erased grouping from (20+7)×5 and wrote 20 + 7 × 5 = 55. I claimed parentheses do not change the answer.” Identify exactly which written step or assumption fails, correct it, and independently solve this new task: A team buys 5 identical kits. Each kit costs $20 for parts and $7 for a case. Write and evaluate one expression for the total.
7 shelves each hold 29 novels and 6 reference books. Then 3 books are removed from each shelf. Write one expression for the books remaining.
Error-analysis notebook: Learner notebook (REVIEW): “I erased grouping from 4×(21+6−3) and wrote 4 × 21 + 6 − 3 = 87. I claimed parentheses do not change the answer.” Identify exactly which written step or assumption fails, correct it, and independently solve this new task: 4 shelves each hold 21 novels and 6 reference books. Then 3 books are removed from each shelf. Write one expression for the books remaining.
Additional targeted transfer tasks
Answer from first principles. Include a model where requested. These questions are distinct from taught worked examples.
Evaluate 60 ÷ 5 × 2 − 9.
Write the distributive form of 6 × (4 + 7) and evaluate.
Scoring guidance
Calculation items: 2 points for correct mathematics and units plus 1 for valid working. Notebook diagnosis tasks: 4 points, one each for identifying a specific faulty step, explaining the repair, solving accurately, and checking units/logic. Targeted transfer tasks: 4 points with detailed anchors in private teacher keys. Equivalent exact representations accepted; reviewers must examine explanations.